Ni irihe kosa ryemewe kubwukuri bwo gupima?

Gutondekanya urwego rwukuri rwo gupima umunzani
Urwego rwukuri rwurwego rwo gupima umunzani rugenwa ukurikije urwego rwukuri. Mubushinwa, urwego rwukuri rwo gupima umunzani rusanzwe rugabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: urwego ruciriritse (urwego rwa III) nurwego rusanzwe (urwego rwa IV). Ibikurikira namakuru arambuye kubyerekeye gutondekanya urwego rwukuri rwo gupima umunzani:
1. Urwego ruciriritse ruri hagati (Urwego rwa III): Uru nurwego rusanzwe rusanzwe rwo gupima umunzani. Muri uru rwego, igabana nimero n yikigereranyo cyo gupima ubusanzwe iri hagati ya 2000 na 10000. Ibi bivuze ko uburemere ntarengwa igipimo cyo gupima gishobora gutandukanya ni 1/2000 kugeza 1/10000 cyubushobozi bwacyo bwo gupima. Kurugero, igipimo cyo gupima gifite uburemere ntarengwa bwo gupima toni 100 gishobora kuba gifite uburemere buke bwibiro 50 kugeza kuri 100.
2. Muri uru rwego, igabana nimero n yikigereranyo cyo gupima ubusanzwe iri hagati ya 1000 na 2000. Ibi bivuze ko uburemere ntarengwa igipimo cyo gupima gishobora gutandukanya ni 1/1000 kugeza 1/2000 cyubushobozi bwacyo bwo gupima.
Itondekanya ryukuri kurwego rwo gupima umunzani ningirakamaro kugirango tumenye neza muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha. Mugihe uhitamo igipimo gipima, abakoresha bagomba guhitamo urwego rukwiye rushingiye kubyo bakeneye.
Igihugu cyemewe cyamakosa yo gupima umunzani
Nkigikoresho cyingenzi cyo gupima, uburemere bufite uruhare runini mubikorwa byinganda nubucuruzi. Mu rwego rwo kumenya niba ibisubizo bipima ukuri, igihugu cyashyizeho amabwiriza asobanutse ku bijyanye n’ikosa ryemewe ry’ibipimo bipima. Ibikurikira namakuru ajyanye nikosa ryemewe ryo gupima umunzani ukurikije ibisubizo byubushakashatsi buheruka.
Amakosa yemerwa ukurikije amabwiriza yigihugu ya metrologiya
Ukurikije amabwiriza y’ibipimo by’igihugu, urwego rwukuri rwo gupima umunzani ni urwego rwa gatatu, kandi ikosa risanzwe rigomba kuba muri ± 3 ‰, bifatwa nkibisanzwe. Ibi bivuze ko niba ubushobozi ntarengwa bwo gupima ibipimo bipima ari toni 100, ikosa ntarengwa ryemewe mugukoresha bisanzwe ni kilo 300 (ni ukuvuga ± 0.3%).
Uburyo bwo gukemura ibipimo bipima amakosa
Iyo ukoresheje igipimo cyo gupima, hashobora kubaho amakosa atunganijwe, amakosa atunguranye, namakosa akomeye. Ikosa ritunganijwe ahanini rituruka ku ikosa ryuburemere ririmo igipimo cyo gupima ubwacyo, kandi ikosa ritunguranye rishobora guterwa no kwiyongera kw'amakosa yatewe no gukora igihe kirekire. Uburyo bwo gukemura ayo makosa burimo gukuraho cyangwa kwishyura indishyi zitunganijwe, kimwe no kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho amakosa atunguranye binyuze mu bipimo byinshi no gutunganya imibare.
Inyandiko kuri
Iyo ukoresheje igipimo cyo gupima, ni ngombwa kwirinda kurenza urugero kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwa sensor kandi bigira ingaruka kubipima neza. Muri icyo gihe, ibintu ntibigomba gutabwa hasi cyangwa ngo bimanuke ku butumburuke buke, kuko ibyo bishobora kwangiza ibyuma byerekana umunzani. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cyo gupima ntigikwiye guhungabana cyane mugihe cyo gukoresha, bitabaye ibyo bizagira ingaruka kumyizerere yamakuru apima kandi bishobora kugira ingaruka mubuzima bwa serivisi.
Muncamake, ikosa ryemewe ryurwego rwo gupima rigenwa hashingiwe kumabwiriza yigihugu ya metrologiya hamwe nibisobanuro byapimwe. Mugihe cyo guhitamo no gukoresha igipimo gipima, abakoresha bagomba kugisuzuma bakurikije ibyo bakeneye hamwe nibisabwa byukuri, kandi bakitondera imikorere ikwiye kugirango bagabanye amakosa.