Sisitemu y'amakuru yo gucunga imitwaro irenze urugero mu buryo bw'ubwenge Igice cya gatatu: Sisitemu yo kugenzura imitwaro igendanwa no gukusanya amafaranga y'imisoro

3.1 Sisitemu yo kugenzura imitwaro igendanwa

Sisitemu yo kugenzura imitwaro igendanwa ni igice cy'ingenzi cya Sisitemu yo gucunga amakuru ajyanye no gucunga imitwaro igendanwa. Yibanda ku buryo bworoshye bwo kugenzura imitwaro igendanwa, iy'igihe gito, kandi ikoreshwa mu buryo bworoshye, ikaba inyongera ku miterere ishingiye ku isoko ry'imitwaro n'aho imihanda igenzurwa.

Binyuze mu gushyiraho ibikoresho byo gupima bitwara abantu, ibyuma bikoresha imashini zigendanwa, n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwihuse, iyi sisitemu ituma ibinyabiziga bipima ibiro, gufata ibyemezo byihuse mu iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko, no guhuza amakuru n'urubuga rwo gucunga ibintu. Ituma ingamba zo kugenzura ibintu birenze ubushobozi bw'imodoka zishobora gukoreshwa vuba hakurikijwe imiterere y'umuhanda n'ibisabwa n'amategeko.

3.1.1 Ingano n'intego by'ishyirwa mu bikorwa

Sisitemu yo kugenzura imipaka igendanwa yagenewe imodoka zikoresha imodoka zidagenzurwa aho zituruka kandi zitari mu rwego rwo kugenzura imipaka ihoraho. Ishyirwa cyane cyane mu bice by'umuhanda aho imipaka ishobora kubaho, itanga ubushobozi bworoshye, bugamije, kandi bugashyirwa mu bikorwa mu buryo bufatika. Sisitemu yongerera ingufu ku bibuga bihoraho kandi ikavanaho ahantu hatagaragara amabwiriza.

3.1.2 Imiterere ya sisitemu

Sisitemu yo kugenzura imipaka igendanwa igizwe ahanini n'ibi bikurikira:

·Ibipimo by'imitwaro y'imodoka ikoreshwa mu modoka iri aho ikorera

· Ibikoresho byo kwandika inyandiko z'ibikorwa by'amategeko

·Imodoka zishinzwe gushyira mu bikorwa imashini zigendanwa

·Ibikoresho by'itumanaho bidafite insinga byo kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwihuse

3.1.3 Imikorere y'Ishyirwa mu Bikorwa ry'Ikoranabuhanga rya Telefoni Zigendanwa

Hashingiwe ku matangazo atangwa n'urwego rushinzwe kugenzura imitwaro irenze urugero cyangwa imiterere nyayo y'ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda, iyo hakekwa ko imodoka iremereye cyane ku gice runaka cy'umuhanda, abakozi bo mu gace bashinzwe kugenzura umutekano bashyiraho ahantu ho kugenzura by'agateganyo.

Aho bapimira, iminzani y'imizigo y'imodoka igendanwa ishyirwa mu bikorwa kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu gupima aho ikorera. Mu gihe cyo kugenzura, amakuru ajyanye n'ikinyabiziga—harimo uburemere bw'ikinyabiziga, umutwaro w'imodoka, imiterere y'imodoka, amakuru yerekeye plaque y'imodoka, amafoto y'ikinyabiziga, n'ibyangombwa by'umushoferi—birakusanywa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yagenwe na sisitemu kandi bigashyikirizwa urubuga rw'ubuyobozi mu gihe nyacyo.

3.1.4 Gukemura no Gukuraho Ishyirwa mu Bikorwa ry'Iyubahirizwa ry'Amategeko

Hashingiwe ku bisubizo byapimwe:

·Imodoka zikurikiza amabwiriza zihita zirekurwa;

·Imodoka zifite ibisubizo bivuguruzanya ku gupima zijyanwa ku kibuga gipima ibintu biremereye kiri hafi kugira ngo zongere zigenzurwe;

·Imodoka zemejwe ko ziremereye cyane zisabwa gupakurura imizigo irenze urugero hakurikijwe amabwiriza.

Sisitemu ikora inyandiko z’iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko n’inyandiko z’ibihano mu buryo bwikora. Abashoferi cyangwa ibigo bikora bigomba kurangiza kwishyura mu gihe cyagenwe. Ibinyabiziga bitishyuye mu gihe gisabwa bishyirwa ku rutonde rw’abatabishoboye kandi bishobora gufatirwa izindi ngamba nko gufungirwa aho biri cyangwa ibikorwa bihuriweho byo kubahiriza amategeko.

3.1.5 Igipimo cy'umutwaro w'axle igendanwa

Ibiranga Ibikoresho

Igipimo cy'umutwaro w'umuzigo utwarwa gifite imiterere mito, imiterere yoroheje, n'imbaraga nyinshi za mekanike, bigatuma kiba kibereye ahantu hakunze gukoreshwa mu ngendo zigendanwa no hanze.

Imikorere yo gupima

Ubushobozi bwo gupima urubuga rumwe buri hagati ya toni 1 na toni 30, bitewe n'imiterere yabyo.

·Uburyo bwo gupima buri hagati ya 0.1%–0.3% FS

·Uburyo bwo gupima bukoresha umuvuduko muto, iyo bukoreshejwe hamwe n'amapine y'impinduka, buri hagati ya 3% FS

Ibikoresho bikora neza mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya -20°C na +80°C.

Guhuza amakuru na sisitemu

Ibikoresho byo gupima bifasha kohereza amakuru nta mashini bifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingaruka mbi. Uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima bushobora guhuzwa mu buryo bworoshye kugira ngo buhuze n'imiterere itandukanye y'imirongo. Iki gikoresho gifasha guhindura porogaramu, kuvugurura kuri interineti, guhitamo ubwoko bwinshi bw'imirongo, hamwe n'uburyo bwo gukoresha indimi nyinshi, bigatuma habaho guhuza neza na platform y'amakuru agenzura umubyimba.

3.2 Sisitemu yo gukusanya amafaranga y'imisoro

Sisitemu yo gukusanya imisoro ni sisitemu y'ingenzi ishyigikira Sisitemu y'amakuru yo gucunga imisoro ya Smart Overload. Itanga serivisi zisanzwe kandi zikora ku buryo bwikora ku mikorere itandukanye y'umuhanda, kandi igashyigikira imicungire ihuriweho y'inzira z'ibinyabiziga, ikusanya ry'amafaranga, n'igenzura ry'imikorere.

Binyuze mu guhuza uburyo bwinshi bwo kwishyura imisoro hamwe n’uburyo bwo kumenya no gucunga ibyuma bikoreshwa mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, iyi gahunda irushaho kunoza uburyo bwo gukusanya imisoro, ikagabanya uburyo bwo gukoresha intoki, kandi ikemeza ko kubara imisoro no kwishyura amafaranga bikorwa neza kandi mu mucyo. Itanga kandi inkunga yizewe y’amakuru mu gucunga ibinyabiziga, kugenzura ibinyabiziga, no gufata ibyemezo mu mikorere.

3.2.1 Uburyo bwo kwishyura amafaranga

Sisitemu yo gukusanya imisoro ishyigikira uburyo bwinshi bwo kwishyura imisoro kugira ngo ihuze n'ibisabwa mu mikorere y'umuhanda bitandukanye:

·Gukusanya amafaranga y'imodoka n'intoki, bisaba ko imodoka zihagarara kandi zishyura binyuze mu mafaranga, amakarita ya banki, cyangwa kwishyura kuri telefoni igendanwa;

·Gukusanya amafaranga y'ubwishyu mu buryo bwihuse, bihuza uburyo bwo gukoresha amakarita n'uburyo bwo kwishyura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga;

·Gukusanya amafaranga y'imodoka hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga (ETC) byikora, bigatuma imodoka zitwara amafaranga y'imodoka zigenda zishyura adahagarara.

Ibarura ry'imishahara rishobora gutegurwa hashingiwe ku ntera, ubwoko bw'imodoka, igihe, n'uburemere bw'imodoka.

3.2.2 Imikorere ya sisitemu ya ETC

Icyiciro cyo Kwinjira

Iyo ikinyabiziga cyinjiye mu muhanda wa ETC, igikoresho kiri mu bwato gishyiraho uburyo bwo gutumanaho hagati y’imodoka n’ibikoresho byo ku muhanda. Amakuru y’umwirondoro w’ikinyabiziga, ibipimo bya tekiniki, n’amakuru y’ibaruramari byemezwa neza, kandi inyandiko z’ubwinjiriro zirakorwa.

Icyiciro cyo mu muhanda

Uko imodoka inyura mu magare ya ETC, amakuru y'igihe cyo kunyuramo n'aho iherereye akusanywa mu buryo bwikora kandi akoherezwa kuri sisitemu y'inyuma. Sisitemu ibarura imisoro ishingiye ku bice hakurikijwe amategeko yagenwe yo gushyushya.

Icyiciro cyo gusohokeramo

Mu gusohoka, sisitemu ibarura amafaranga yose y’ubwishyu ishingiye ku makuru yinjiye n’inzira y’urugendo. Amafaranga y’ubwishyu akurwa kuri konti yishyurwa mu buryo bwikora. Iyo amafaranga yagabanyijwe neza, amakuru y’ibisohoka arafatwa maze imodoka ikarekurwa idahagaze.

3.3 Agaciro k'ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga

Binyuze mu guhuza iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko agenga imikoreshereze y’imodoka zigendanwa na sisitemu yo gukusanya imisoro, uru rubuga rutuma habaho kumenya imodoka mu buryo buhuriweho, gusangira amakuru, no gucunga neza. Uku guhuza kunoza uburyo bwo gushyira mu bikorwa iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko, imikorere myiza, no kurinda ibikorwa remezo by’imihanda, bishyigikira iyubakwa rya sisitemu yo gucunga imihanda ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga kandi ikora neza.